![]() In conclusion, and because sea water is a solution of salts in water - H2O - you can't really elaborate on a specific chemical formula. However, the negative impact of climate change and global warming are making the oceans of the world more acidic, resulting in, for example, the death of the corals. Sea water's average pH typically ranges between 7.5 and 8.4, making it slightly alkaline. Its viscosity - i.e., internal resistance to flow - is also higher than that of fresh water. ![]() It's understandable why seawater is denser than pure or fresh water - the salts increase the mass.Īs a result, people, animals, and objects will float easier in salt water than in fresh water.Īnd, because it has higher density levels, the water from the oceans freezes at around -2 ☌ (28 ☏). Variables like the location and depth of the sample, precipitation, proximity to river mouths and icebergs, and temperature may interfere with the seawater salinity levels. The saltiest sea on the planet is the Dead Sea, with around 33.7 percent salinity, that is, almost ten times more than the levels present in the oceans of the Earth. To put things into perspective, let's just say that freshwater bodies like rivers and lakes have, on average, less than 0.5 percent of salt. On the opposite side of the spectrum, the oceanic regions around the Antarctic, Arctic Ocean, Southeast Asia, and west coast of North and Central America show lower salinity levels than average (3.4 percent).īut the fact is that the oceans are salty. Nevertheless, the North Atlantic, South Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and South Pacific areas are saltier than average (3.6 percent). This salinity level is relatively stable everywhere. Interestingly, the world's oceans have, on average, a salinity level of only 3.5 percent, i.e., 35 grams of dissolved salts per liter of water. When you think about sea water, you can almost feel that taste in your mouth, especially on warm summer days, when your skin dries after a swim or a surf. Seawater also contains other substances and constituents, even if in smaller scales.īoron, bromide, fluoride, inorganic carbon, and strontium are some of the dissolved substances found at an even smaller scale, inorganic nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus. They represent over 99 percent of all sea salts, even though the concentration of each found in a sample could vary. He or she will detect chloride (Cl-), sodium (Na+), sulfate (SO24-), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), and potassium (K+). If you collect a sample of ocean water and take it to the laboratory, a chemist will quickly identify six major ions. The chemical composition of sea water is relatively simple to interpret - it's H2O with a few extras. ![]() It covers roughly 70 percent of our planet. Sea water - or salt water - is basically water from the oceans and seas.
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